CONTENTS №12-2023
3 Arisov M.V., Panova O.A., Uspensky A.V. Parasitological examination of meat and meat products of game of the Central region of Russia
Meat of game living in the wild, such as deer, roe deer and boar, is rich in nutrients, low in fat and commonly sustainably sourced. However, they are often infected with parasites and can become a source of human disease. The aim of our work was to study the pathogens of parasitic diseases in meat and meat products of game of the Central region of Russia. We studied 92 samples of meat and meat products from wild ruminants obtained from hunting farms. In 61,9 % of samples, pathogens of parasitosis were found: in red and sika deer – the nematode Onchocerca flexuosa, in sika deer - Elaphostrongylus cervi, in elk and European roe deer – Setaria cervi; in red deer, elk and European roe deer – Cysticercus tarandi; in sika deer and Siberian roe deer, C. taenuicollis; in moose, in the bile ducts of the liver, the trematodes Parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha and Dicrocoelium lanceatum. Among the protozoa, Sarcocystis sp. Thus, monitoring the parasitic well-being of game meat will reduce the risk of human infection. Key words: parasitological examination, game meat, wild ruminants, parasites, helminths, meat and meat products.
DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2023.26.12.03-07
EXPERIMENT, PROBLEMS, PERSPECTIVES
9 Preobrazhentskiy G.D., Guseva I.I. A comprehensive approach to the fight against neonatal diarrhea
Neonatal diarrhea is a problem present in every livestock enterprise and can be a consequence of infection with both one pathogen and several at the same time. Some pathogens require an integrated approach for complete control. Key words: neonatal diarrhea, cryptosporidiosis, protozoa, zoohygiena, disinfection, antibiotic, disinfectant, viruses, bacteria.
DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2023.26.12.09-10
12 Moukhamedshina A.R. Advanced technologies to increase efficiency of swine artificial insemination
The article provides information about high-quality equipment and consumables for artificial insemination in swine industry of the French company IMV Technologies - from semen collection and quality control to insemination. Key words: swine industry, IMV Technologies, artificial insemination, sperm, extenders, Leja slides, photometer, semen packaging, bags, catheters.
DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2023.26.12.12-16
INFECTION DISEASE
17 Mikailov M.M., Budulov N.R., Gunashev Sh.A., Aliev A.Yu., Yanikova E.A., Halikov A.A., Chernykh O.Yu. Indicators of cows spontaneously infected with leukemia virus in the combined course of leukemia-brucellosis infection
Leukemia and brucellosis of cattle are the most common diseases in Dagestan. In the nosological profile of infectious diseases, brucellosis ranks first (62,85 %), leukemia – second (34,99 %). It has been established that immunosuppression develops affected by leukemia, lead to the development of other infectious diseases of animals, and immunoprophylaxis effectiveness decreases. The purpose of the conducted research was a comparative study of immunobiologicalchemical blood parameters in healthy and BLV infected cows with an associative course of leukemia-brucellosis infection. The study of the general blood test revealed a decrease in the number of red blood cells in cows infected with the leukemia virus, while in animals with leukemia and brucellosis, this indicator was in the lower normal range. In the group of infected animals, leukocytosis is was noted, characterized by an increase in the number of white blood cells. The concentration of triglycerides and cholesterol was reduced in all examined animals; this is due to the lack of lipids supplied with feed rations. Keywords: leukemia, brucellosis, immunological and biochemical parameters, immunosuppression, blood serum.
DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2023.26.12.17-21
23 Marinin L.I., Mokrievich A.N., Tyurin E.A., Shishkova N.A., Dyatlov I.A. Interaction of Bacillus anthracis with community members in the soil of anthrax cattle burial ground
Soil is the main reservoir of the causative agent of anthrax and the main factor maintaining the continuity of the epizootic process in the foci of infection. Contaminated soil can remain infectious for many years, even centuries. During the time spent in the soil, the anthrax microbe is exposed to various factors. Bacillus anthracis interacts extensively with some members of the animal burial ground community, including microorganisms, plants, earthworms, and soil amoebas. Long-term coexistence with geobionts contributes to the survival of B. anthracis in the soil. Interaction with closely related microorganisms can not only cause the death of the anthrax microbe, but also change its properties. Key words: Bacillus anthracis, anthrax, causative agent, persistence, variability, soil.
DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2023.26.12.23-27
INVASIVE DISEASES
28 Khristianovsky P.I., Matveev O.A., Pashinin N.S., Platonov S.A., Belimenko V.V., Gulyukin E.A. The Central Asian turtle’s mortality case via nematodes
The Central Asian turtle (Agrionemys horsfieldii) is one of four reptile species in Kazakhstan whose international trade is regulated by the CITES Convention (UN Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora). The family Testudinidae as a whole is listed in Appendix II of CITES. In October-December 2019 4448 turtles Agrionemys (Testudo) horsfieldii, were confiscated from smugglers and kept temporarily in the Orenburg State Agrarian University. In conditions of crowded content, 708 individuals died. An autopsy of 300 dead turtles was carried out. Nematodes of the genus Tachygonetria have been found in the intestine. At the same time, the extent of invasion was 100 %, and the intensity of invasion was on average 1000-5000 worms. Acute inflammation of various parts of the intestines of turtles has been established. The development of pathologies was promoted by the stress state in reptiles, and the crowded content caused mass infection of turtles with helminths. Key words: Central Asian turtles, crowded contents, gastroenterocolites, nematodes, intensity of invasion, extensiveness of invasion.
DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2023.26.12.27-30
PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY
31 Larionova O.S., Drevko Y.B., Remizov E.K., Tychinin N.D., Krylova L.S., Larionov S.V. Antimicrobial peptides and the prospect of their use in veterinary medicine
Antimicrobial peptides are natural compounds consisting of 12 – 50 amino acids that have antimicrobial activity to a wide range of infectious agents of microbial and viral nature as well as to parasites and microscopic fungi. They are synthesized by various types of living organisms from prokaryotes and plants to mammals in response to negative effects. Antimicrobial peptides are an alternative to modern antimicrobial drugs with high antimicrobial activity and unique antimicrobial mechanisms that have advantages over traditional antibiotics including control of antibiotic-resistant causative pathogen of bacterial infections. The article presents an analytical review of the sources of antimicrobial substances data, their properties and prospects for use in veterinary medicine. Key words: antimicrobial peptides, infection, antibiotics, antibiotic-resistant strains.
DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2023.26.12.31-34
36 Gorlov I.F., Balyshev A.V., Starikov N.M., Abramov S.V., Golovin V.V. Pharmacokinetics of florfenicol in broiler chickens and pigs after single administration of Florforte
The article presents of the pharmacokinetics of flor-fenicol and its main metabolite florfenicolamine in the body of broiler chickens and pigs after a single oral administration of the domestic drug Florforte (Scientific and Production Association "Uralbiovet", Russia). Experimental groups of chickens and piglets were formed, individually orally administered to them by Florforte and at regular intervals, blood was drawn from the animals, serum was separated and concentrations of florfenicol and its metabolite were determined. Key words: bacterial infection, florfenicol, florfenicolamine, pharmacokinetics, blood, blood serum, broiler chickens, piglets.
DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2023.26.12.36-39
40 Mirzaev M.N., Bessarabova E.V., Mirzayeva K.M., Pochtarev A.N. The effect of the feed additive Melavit-plus on the thiol-disulfide status of quails
The work is devoted to the study of the effect of the feed additive Malavit-plus on the physiological and biochemical status of the quail organism. As a criterion, the indicators of the thiol-disulfide system of the blood were used, which serves as a diagnostic test for assessing the level of nonspecific resistance of the body. Key words: thiol compounds, plant melanins, nonspecific resistance, antioxidant activity.
DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2023.26.12.40-43
43 Ovcharova A.N., Gavrikov A.S., Ostrenko K.S. The effect of probiotic cultures on indicators of nonspecific resistance and productivity of laying hens
The results of the experience of using probiotic lactobacilli in the diet of 120-day-old laying hens of the Hisex-brown cross are presented. The duration of the experiment is 26 weeks. It was noted that probiotics increased the egg production of birds, a significant increase in the phagocytic and bactericidal activity of serum, and the concentration of lysozyme in the blood. In the intestinal contents of chickens, which form lactobacilli, the number of bifidobacteria increased and there were fewer Escherichia, Salmonella and Clostridia. Key words: laying hens, egg productivity, nonspecific resistance, microflora.
DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2023.26.12.43-47
NONINFETION DISEASES
49 Isaeva A.G., Belousov A.I., Sokolova O.V., Bytov M.V., Krasnoperov A.S., Zubareva V.D. Metabolic differences of Holstein, Suksun and Tagil cattle populations
Metabolic characteristics of adaptive potential of cattle of the Holstein and indigenous breeds (Tagil and Suksun) were established. It was found that the number of animals with a healthy biochemical profile was higher in the populations of the Suksun and Tagil breeds – 42,3 % and 50,0 %, respectively. Among cows of the Holstein breed, the number of such animals was 21,4 %, in the same group the largest number of individuals with a pathological biochemical profile was observed – 38,6 %, while among the cows of the Tagil and Suksun breeds, this group included only 11,4 % and 16,7 % of cows respectively. A comparative analysis of the results obtained in cows of different breeds revealed the main differences in the values of biochemical parameters. Holstein cows are characterized by a high anion gap, high AST activity and a decrease in cholesterol levels, which are predictors of the development of acidosis, ketosis and fatty degeneration of the liver. Higher level of globulins in the blood was a distinctive feature of Tagil and Suksun cows. At the same time, with the development of the pathological process in all breed groups, common features were noted, such as dysproteinemia and calcium-phosphorus ratio disorder with a simultaneous decrease in the basic level of macroelements. Key words: indigenous breeds, dairy cattle, metabolism, clinical biochemistry.
DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2023.26.12.49-54
LABORATORY PRACTICE
55 Babunova V.S., Osipova I.S., Popov P.A., Lavina S.A. Modern methods for determining the residual amounts of antibiotics in fish
The article provides an overview, as well as highlights the advantages and disadvantages of methods for determining the residual amounts of antibacterial drugs in fish. The methods are represented by various groups: microbiological, ELISA methods, biosensor analysis, radioimmune analysis, chromatography methods. Key words: aquaculture, fish, residual amount of antibiotics, antibacterial substances, methods of determination.
DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2023.26.12.55-59
60 Index of articles, published in 2023
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