CONTENTS №12-2025

3 Ovchinnikov R.S., Gaynullina A.G., Yuzhakov A.G., Savinov V.A., Kapustin A.V. New dermatophyte species Arthroderma zoogenum sp. nov., isolated from skin lesions of wild sables Martes zibellina

The genus Arthroderma comprises a significant number of dermatophyte species, yet their prevalence and pathogenic potential in animals remain understudied. In this study, cultures of an unusual dermatophyte fungus, initially identified as Trichophyton spp., were isolated from wild sables (Martes zibellina). Similar isolates were previously recovered from the bank vole (Myodes glareolus) in the Czech Republic [9]. A comprehensive study, conducted in collaboration with international colleagues, employing morphological analysis and molecular genetic methods, allowed us to proposes a new species Arthroderma zoogenum [12]. The new species has been officially registered in the mycological nomenclature database Mycobank under accession number MB 845987. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that A. zoogenum belongs to the A. tuberculatum clade, which also includes A. cuniculi, A. tuberculatum, and A. phaseoliforme. This paper discusses the clinical significance of the novel species A. zoogenum, as well as the potential role of other Arthroderma species in the development of dermatomycoses in various animal species. Key words: Arthroderma, dermatophytes, dermatophytosis, animal mycoses, pathogenic fungi, sable.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2025.28.12.03-08

EXPERIMENT, PROBLEMS, PERSPECTIVES

10 Sevastyanova T.V., Alshevskaya A.A., Usha B.V., Noskov S.B. The role of targeted probiotic feed additives in the formation of natural resistance in young farm animals

The article is devoted to the analysis of the mechanisms of the effect of targeted probiotics on the nonspecific resistance of the body of farm animals. Experimental results demonstrate a pronounced immunomodulatory effect, observed in the form of a significant increase in the phagocytic activity of neutrophils by 10 – 40 %, depending on the type of animals. The greatest increase was observed in piglets – 40,95 % (p<0,001) by the 60th day of the experiment. The study showed a significant increase in the lysozyme activity of blood serum, reaching 70,27 % (p<0,001) in Bessonovskaya calves by the end of the observation period. The most marked response was the bactericidal activity, with statistically significant differences from the control group observed on the 3rd day in calves and on the 10th day in piglets, with a maximum increase of 43,15 % (p< 0,001). The obtained data confirm the modulating effect on the phagocytic, lysozyme, and bactericidal activity of animal blood serum, which makes them promising for application in agriculture. Key words: targeted probiotics, functional feed additives, factors of natural resistance of animals.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2025.28.12.10-15

INFECTIOUS DISEASES

17 Nefedchenko A.V., Koteneva S.V., Glotova T.I., Glotov A.G., Bodnev S.A., Drachkova I.A., Agafonov A.P. Development and validation of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction for detection of viruses causing respiratory diseases in cattle

The article presents the results of development and validation of multiplex polymerase chain reaction in real time for detection of four viruses: parainfluenza virus-3, respiratory syncytial virus, infectious rhinotracheitis virus and bovine herpes simplex virus type 4 simultaneously. The target for amplification was nucleotide sequences of conservative regions of genes of the studied viruses. The internal control of amplification was a fragment of the bovine TUBA1 gene. Reverse transcription and PCR were performed in one test tube. Previously developed RT-PCR for detection of viruses in monovariants served as reference. The multiplex reaction detected RNA/DNA of viruses at concentrations from 10 to 100 copies of PCR/μl. The reaction efficiency was 93,51 – 107,81 % with a variation coefficient between dilution series of <5 %. The developed RT-PCR demonstrated high analytical sensitivity and reproducibility in detecting four bovine respiratory viruses under multiplex conditions. The results are not inferior to known foreign analogues. Multiplex analysis in real time can be useful in diagnostics, decoding the etiological structure of respiratory diseases and conducting mass epizootological surveys. The results can serve as a basis for developing vaccination programs, monitoring and studying the pathogenesis of viral infections. Key words: cattle, respiratory diseases, viruses, multiplex real-time PCR.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2025.28.12.17-23

INVASIVE DISEASES

25 Zubarev V.N., Pankov I.Yu.  A modern approach to the control of bovine coccidiosis

This article addresses the issue of calf coccidiosis in intensive livestock production. It focuses on the disease caused by the parasites Eimeria bovis, Eimeria zuernii, and Eimeria ellipsoidalis, which are found in young cattle under one year of age, and on modern strategies for its control. The study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic and prophylactic efficacy of toltrazuril-based drugs against natural infections with Eimeria zuernii and Eimeria bovis in calves. Key words: health, young cattle, coccidiosis, oocysts, sporocysts, infection intensity, antiprotozoal, toltrazuril, therapeutic efficacy.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2025.28.12.25-29

29 Makhieva B.М., Dagaeva A.B. The distribution and seasonal dynamics of helminthic infection in domestic chickens in Khasavyurt

The degree of helminth infection of domestic chickens in private farmsteads of the city of Khasavyurt was determined. The technology of outdoor and outdoor-walking chickens differs in that birds can simultaneously become infected with several types of helminths, moreover, in such conditions poultry often comes into contact with wild individuals, which increases the incidence rate. The research was conducted from 2024 to 2025 in poultry farms in the region. The degree of infection of adult chickens and repair young animals with endoparasites was determined, their species composition and localization were studied. More than 500 faecal samples were analyzed by various methods (Fulleborn flotation, sedimentation with sequential washing and combined by Demidov) and 50 carcasses with examination of internal organs. The high prevalence of the nematode Ascaridia galli (Ascarididae) was found in 74,4 %, and Heterakis gallinarum (2,6 %) and Prosthogonimus ovatus (23 %) were also identified. The peak of invasion occurs in the summer, which is probably due to the temperature dependence of the parasite's life cycle. Key words: chickens, seasonality, infestation, mixed invasion, floor-run housing, age dynamics, ascariasis, heterocidosis, prostaglandinosis.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2025.28.12.29-34

35 Rubanova M.V. Sweep of apophallosis of fish in Cheremshansky Bay (Kuibyshev reservoir)

The infection rate of six common fish species in the Cheremshansky Bay of the Kuibyshev Reservoir with the alien trematode Apophallus muehlingi (the pathogenic agent of apofallosis) was studied. Defined their role in the formation of the disease nidus of infection. The influence of the ecological characteristics of the hosts, the distribution and population density of the first intermediate host of the parasite – the alien mollusk Lithoglyphus naticoides, and the water level regime of the reservoir on the degree of fish invasion was noted. Key words: Apophallus muehlingi, alien trematode, fish diseases, Kuibyshev Reservoir.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2025.28.12.35-40

40 Vasileva T.A. Medication used in some carp fish cestodoses

The paper provides data on antiparasitic agents employed in aquaculture for the control of carp bothriocephalosis. It enumerates the officially registered pharmaceuticals in the Russian Federation, Belarus, Ukraine, alongside medicinal products utilized in other nations. Key words: medicinal products used, bothriocephalosis, carp, aquaculture.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2025.28.12.40-43

OBSTTERICS, GYNECOLOGY

44 Kuzmina T.I. Effect of vitrification on the functioning of the actin cytoskeleton in porcine oocytes

The article presents the results of an experiment on donor oocyte-cumulus ovarian complexes of pigs of the Landrace breed aged 6 – 8 months. The features of the functioning of the actin cytoskeleton in donor oocytes of Sus Scrofa Domesticus exposed to ultra-low temperatures during intra- or extraovarian vitrification (IOV and EOV) were studied, and the cryoprotective properties of highly dispersed silica (nVDK) nanoparticles were also evaluated. It was found that the fluorescence intensity of rhodamine phalloidin (IGRF, a marker of the functional activity of the actin cytoskeleton) in devitrified oocytes of all experimental groups decreased sharply compared with native cells. The minimum values were noted in the group of oocyte IOB, which indicates deep damage to the actin cytoskeleton. IGRF indices in the EOB groups of oocytes were significantly higher than in the IOB groups. Granulosa and nVDK cells, jointly used with the IOV and EOV technology, provided a significantly higher level of IGRF (21 and 46 units, respectively) compared with the control (6 units with IOV and 37 units with EOV). To reduce the proportion of oocytes with impaired cytoskeletal functional activity, it is recommended to supplement the oocyte maturation systems after devitrification with granulosa cells (106 cells/ml of medium) and 0,001 % HDL.online. Key words: porcine oocyte-cumulus complexes, actin cytoskeleton, intra- and extraovarian vitrification.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2025.28.12.44-49

NONINFETION DISEASES

51 Vatnikov Yu.A., Sotnikova E.D., Seleznev S.B., Krotova Е.A., Rudenko A.A. Serum enzymatic activity as a marker of cardiorenal complications development in cows with ketosis

The article presents the results of a study conducted on 25 healthy (control) and 44 cows with verified ketosis (hypoglycemia <2,9 mmol/l, β-hydroxybutyric acid >1,1 mmol/l). Sick animals are divided into groups: I (n=22) – ketosis without cardiorenal complications, II (n=22) – ketosis with cardiorenal syndrome (creatinine >170 μmol/l, troponin >0,1 ng/ml). In groups I and II, a sharp increase in the activity of aspartic aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatinine kinase was found compared with the control, with significantly higher levels of aspartic aminotransferase and creatinine kinase in group II. A profound decrease in the activity of all antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase) was noted in groups I and II, with significantly lower levels of glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase in group II compared with group I. Key words: ketosis, cows, cardiorenal syndrome, enzymes, biochemistry, diagnostics, pathogenesis.

 DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2025.28.12.51-55

CENTRAL SCIENTIFIC AGRICULTURAL LIBRARY

56 Sokolova Zh.V., Milevskaya I.A. Scientific processing of terms for an information retrieval thesaurus on agriculture and food

The results of scientific work on the improvement of the polythematic Information Retrieval Thesaurus (IRT) on agriculture and food, updating and replenishing it with new vocabulary to ensure accurate display of the content of documents in the indexing process, unified presentation of data, adequate description of subject areas, effective thematic search are presented. Scientific research and processes carried out to normalize scientific vocabulary included in the thesaurus are considered: selection of terms, lexicographic processing, vocabulary systematization and grouping, creation of hierarchical classification scheme trees. The study enriched the IRT content with new vocabulary in the following thematic areas: plant protection, veterinary medicine, forestry, food processing industry. As a result of the work performed, a new version of the IPT containing 69815 LU has been formed. More than 33690 LU are scientific (Latin) names of organisms. The updated version of the thesaurus, which includes new terminology, makes it possible to adequately describe the subject areas, accurately disclose the content of a document during its scientific processing, and is an effective tool of indexing and thematic search. Key words: terminology, thesauri, linguistic tools, information systems, Agroindustrial Complex.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2025.28.12.56-60

INDEX OF ARTICLES

61 Index of articles, published in 2025