CONTENTS №9-2015

3  Yurov K.P., Anoyatbekova A.M., Dias Himenes K.A., Alexeyenkova S.V. Role of pestiviruses in infectious diseases of sheep and goats

Pestiviruses infect different types of livestock and wildlife. Typical representatives are viruses causes bovine viral diarrhea, border disease, classical swine fever. General constant feature of pestivirus infections is a pathology of respiratory and reproductive organs, and immunotolerance, which is caused by persistent fetal infection. Persistently infected newborn animals are a constant source of the infectious agent. In addition to the above other pestiviruses were described: giraffes pestivirus, antelopes pestivirus, hog pestivirus Bungavanna et al., but their pathogenic properties for sheep and goats have not been studied. Vilcek S. c et al (1997) suggest that all pestiviruses are not strictly defined hosts, and each of them is pathogenic for a wide range of animals, including sheep and goats. On this basis, the authors proposed to change nomenclature of viruses, in particular to cancel viruses classification on host species, and introduce new taxonomic units in accordance with the results of phylogenetic studies of virus isolates, as well as PEST-1, PEST-2, etc. Key words: virus, antibodies, pestiviruses, RNA, ELISA, immunity, PCR, bovine viral diarrhea, border disease, cattle, goat, sheep.

PRACTIC: EXPERIMENT, PROBLEMS, PERSPECTIVES

9  DzhailidiG.A., ChernykhO.Yu., ShevkoplyasV.N., AliperT.I., Verkhovskii O.A. A comprehensive approach towards diagnosis of African swine fever

African swine fever (ASF) is one of the most dangerous and economically significant diseases in wild and domestic pigs that is caused by Asvivirus, a DNA virus of Asfarviridae family. In view of the gravity of the current situation, Russian experts have elaborated a number of new diagnostic strategies to control this disease. The purpose of the present study was to assess new diagnostic tools and evaluate the efficiency of a comprehensive approach towards diagnosis of ASF which relies on simultaneously performing direct detection of the ASF virus, running serological tests on animal herds and sequencing the DNA of the obtained isolates. Blood, serum and organ samples were taken from animals at outbreak sites as well as in the course of epidemiological surveillance. Assays used in trials had been designed on the basis of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) including real-time polymerase chain reaction (real time PCR), direct and indirect immunofluorescence (DFA and IIF, correspondingly), enzyme-linked immunosorbent analysis (ELISA) and immunochromatography (ICT). Over the past 5 years approx. 260 thousand samples have been tested, of which 257353 were tested using PCR, DFA or ELISA. 169371 (65.8%) samples were screened using PCR, of which 628 (0.24%) were positive, DFA and ELISA were used to test 74340 (28.9%) and 13642 (5.3%) samples, correspondingly, with 233 (0.09%) and 0 positive samples. The efficiency of ICT was assessed on a broad selection of positive and negative samples from several regions of Russia. It was demonstrated that this method can be used for rapid primary screening, but requires further confirmation using reference methods. Sequencing revealed that all ASF isolates identified in Russia from 2008 to 2012 had a 100% homology with the Georgia 2007/1 strain, however, a number of Russian isolates obtained in the past 2 years displayed slight differences therefrom in genetic structure and biological properties. Keywords: African swine fever, ASF virus, virus-specific antibodies, laboratory diagnosis of ASF. 

15  Nekrasov A.A., Popov N.A., Fedotova E.G., Moiseev A.N., Nekrasova N.A., Baryshnikov P.I. An effective way to prevent viral respiratory diseases of calves with immunomodulators

Viral respiratory diseases of young cattle occur against the background of immune deficiency. Inclusion of immune complex preparations in immunization activities of respiratory diseases of calves enhances the immunogenicity of vaccines, increases the likelihood of a successful vaccination, the immune response to the vaccine together with immunomodulators was observed in all animals. This reduces the incidence of calves and increases their safety. Key words: immunomodulator, roncoleukin, polyoxidonium, mixoferon, vaccines, hyperimmune serum, titers of antiviral antibodies, the immune system. 

19  Moukhamedshina A.R. Vaccination and disinfection in poultry industry and animal husbandry

The article reflects the importance of vaccination and disinfection as the most effective methods of protection of animals and birds from infectious diseases. The modern equipment for high-quality vaccination by inactivated and live vaccines is brought into limelight (injectable and large-drop vaccination, administration of vaccines through drinking water). The aerosol method of disinfection is described and various models of the equipment for its effective implementation are represented. Key words: infectious diseases, large-drop vaccination, aerosol vaccination, automated vaccination, disinfection, equipment, syringes, dosing pump, vaccinators, mixers, sprayers. 

INFECTIOUS  DISEASES

23  Lopatin  S.V.,  Samolovov A.A.  Efficiency the preventive maintenance illnesses of claws cattle

On two farms pophilactic & curative measures promoted reduction of incidence of cattle necrobacillosis from 27 to 8,1 % and from 22,5 to 16 % (coefficients of decrease the intensity of epizootic process equal 70 and 28,89 %), respectively. In two other herds in the result of treatment and veterinary-sanitary actions incidence of digital dermatitis in cows decreased from 20,3 to 2 % and from 12,7 to 2,5 % (CDEP 90,15 and 80,32 %), respectively. Key words: cattle, claw’s diseases, clinical signs, digital dermatitis, cows, feeding, lameness, necrobacillosis, preventive measures, treatment.

27  Albertyan M.P., Fedorov A.I., Iskandarov M.I., Gulyukin M.I.  Antigenic and immunogenic properties of a weak-agglutinogenic vaccine against brucellosis of animals

The article presents results of experiment conducted on sheep for study antigenic and immunogenic properties of weak-agglutinogenic vaccine against brucellosis of farm animals (CAB). Key words: antigenicity, brucellosis, vaccination, immunity, sheep.  

30 Sindryakova I.P., Kolbasov D.V. Test-system for identification genome and differentiation vaccine strain B-82 of the myxoma virus

Test system based on real-time PCR assay allows to detect and differentiate vaccine strain myxoma virus (MV) from field isolates in cell culture, clinical material and blood samples was developed. To differentiate MV DNA were designed primers complementary region of M130R gene. The using of this method revealed that MV DNA can detect and differentiate in the virus-containing culture, in blood and clinical material samples. In the study of samples containing DNA closely related viruses (Shope fibroma virus, vaccine virus), was a negative result is obtained. The sensitivity of the method was 1,5  lg ID 50/sm3 or 75 DNA copies per reaction mixture. Key words: myxoma virus, Real Time PCR, a recombinant plasmid, a test - system for the detection and differentiation of the genome of the vaccine strain myxoma virus from  field isolates by real time PCR .      

INVASIVE DISEASES

35  Postevoy A.N., Gorohov V.V., Andreyanov O.N., Karamnov A.N. Expansion fasciolosis of ruminants of the Central Russia

Fasciolosis are regularly recorded in cattle in the Central region of Russia. Statistical data on this helminthiasis provided by slaughterhouses underestimated. They register infestation in 0,64 – 2,18 % cases. Our results show that this index is much higher – 2,7 – 37,5 %. Pond snail L. truncatula living in disadvantaged areas of fascioliasis, release adolescariaes of Fasciola hepatica irregularly in an amount from 0,13 to 0,98. Coprological methods (serial washes and flotation by Fulleborn) are not sufficiently informative to detect infestations of this trematode in ruminants. Key words: adolescaries, helminthes, cattle, snail, liver, trematode, fasciolosis, Fasciola hepatica, Lymnaea truncatula.

38  Arisov M.V., Indyuhova Ye.N. Spray RolfKlub 3D for dogs of demodicosis

This study identified the active work of the drug spray RolfKlub 3D for dogs against Demodeh canis, parasites of dogs breed chihuahua. After using the spray RolfKlub 3D dogs no clinical signs present at diagnosis - demodicosis. Clinical cure animals confirmed by two negative results acarological research side effects and complications after treatment were recorded. Key words: dogs, demodicosis, treatment, Demodex canis, fipronil, D-cyphenothrin, pyriproxyfen.

ZOOHYGIENA, SANITATION, ECOLOGY

41  Bureyev I.A., Kushnir A.T., Slivko I.A., Korotkov O.V. The advanced aerosol techniques of sanitation during manufacture of biological preparations

The report provides information concerning the specifications of advanced aerosol generators SAG-2M, SAG-3M and SAG-5developed in National Research Institute of Veterinary Virology and Microbiology of Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the disinfecting efficacy of sprayed disinfectants. The new generators provide the production of finely dispersed three-dimensional aerosols or coarsely dispersed directed sprays from both liquid and powder preparations. Their major components and parts are made of corrosion-resistant materials. Also the disinfecting efficacy of sprayed chemical biocides (teotropin, analyte and hypochlorite) against Staph. aureus and virus Newcastle disease is shown. Key words: aerosols, aerosol generators, disinfection, infectious diseases.

NONINFECTIOUS DISEASES

Conducted a study of prevention of postoperative complications in patients with cancer of dogs with immune preparations Vitulin and Tulimkar. Thus, the use Vitulin and Tulimkar after surgical intervention in breast neoplasia normalizes blood hematology, accelerates regeneration and prevents the development of septic complications. Keywords: neoplasia, Vitulin, Tulimkar, dogs, tumors.

48  Bokrev A.V., Stekolnikov A.A. Investigation of the influence of local enzyme therapy to the local blood flow and blood-tissue diffusion in the fibrous tissue of the distal extremities of dogs

Unlike foci of acute and subacute inflammation it’s impossible to identify on venogram sites of chronic inflammation accompanied by fibrous disregeneration. After enzyme treatment fibrous tissue and areas of acute inflammation begin to visualize on X-ray. Histological studies have shown that topical use of proteolytic and mucolytic enzymes increases perfusion of fibrous tissue and vascular permeability of the basement membrane. By this way it’s possible to increase the effectiveness of intravenous chemotherapy retrograde chronic inflammation the fibrous tissue of metacarpus / metatarsus and fingers in dogs. Key words: vienna, disregeneratsiya, capillary diffusion, Omnipaque, metacarpus, metatarsus, radiography, dog, inflammation, enzymes, fibrosis.

54  Dansarunova O.S., Cydypov V.C.  The influence of compositional tool on the base of blood and lactic acid bacteria on microflora of rabbit alimentary tract

There are present the results of study the influence of compositional drug on the base of blood and lactic acid bacteria on the quantitative and species composition of the rabbit intestinal microflora. Key words: compositional tool,rabbit, microflora, intestine, probiotic, microbiocenosis.

LABORATORY PRACTICE

58        Kononova S.V., Dumova V.V., Kononov A.V., Mishchenko V.A.,  Avsitidiiskii E.A., Nesterov A.A., Korpusova T.I. Optimization of reaction microneutralization for the detection of antibodies to the viral diarrhea virus in cattle

The development ofa microneutralization assay for the detection of antibodies to bovine viraldiarrhea virus is reported. Passage cell cultures of calf kidney were used for propagating the virus in a 96-well plate using a FetalCloneIII serum substitute as a growth stimulator. Key words: cattle, viral diarrhea, microneutralization assay.