CONTENTS №10-2021

3 Saltykov Yu.V., Kolosova A.A., Feodorova V.A. Vaccines against lumpy skin disease of cattle (Review)

This article reviewed the data on commercial vaccines against lumpy skin disease (LSD) of cattle. Vaccination against LSD is currently considered to be the only effective method to maintain a cattle health and to prevent economic losses in veterinary and agriculture in general. Currently, there are two types of live attenuated vaccines against LSD available on the word market, such as either homologous vaccines based on LSD virus strains or heterologous vaccines consisting of sheep and goat pox virus strains. Scientists differ in their opinions on the effectiveness and safety of these vaccines. Some scientists note the success of homologous vaccines, ignoring the fact that these vaccines can cause post-vaccination complications in immunized cattle. Other experts consider heterologous vaccines safer compared homologous ones although heterologous vaccines show less efficacy against LSD disease than homologous vaccines. Key words: virus, lumpy skin disease, LSD, nodular dermatitis, vaccines, cattle.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2019.24.10.03-08

EXPERIMENT, PROBLEMS, PERSPECTIVES

9 Glazunova A.А., Sevskikh T.A., Lunina D.А., Krasnova E.A. African swine fever in the Caribbean region

The virus, deadly for pigs, has once again demonstrated its transcontinental and panzootic potential. ASF had already “visited” the Caribbean during its global spread 40 years ago, but has been eradicated at the cost of depopulating susceptible livestock. This time, the ASF epizootic originated in the Dominican Republic, where the previous outbreak was eliminated at the cost of the culling down one and a half million pigs. The article provides basic information about the emergence and spread of infection in the country, as well as the measures taken in this regard, obtained from official sources, scientific publications, and the media. The ASF epidemic in the region once again confirms the possibility of its occurrence at any time in any country in the world and significantly changes the picture of the risks of introduction and spread of the disease. Given the complexity of the fight against the virus and the vulnerability of the pig sector in the region, the risks of importation for neighboring countries can be quite high and persist for a long time. Key words: African swine fever, Dominican Republic, provinces, America, epizootics.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2019.24.10.09-13

14 Zabrovskaia A.V., Smirnova L.I., Egorova S.A., Antipova N.A., Novikova O.B. Antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella strains isolated from farm animals and animal products

This article presents the results of a study of antimicrobial susceptibility of 424 Salmonella strains isolated from productive animals and animal products. It was found that 73,1 % of the studied strains were resistant to 1 – 7 groups of antimicrobials, and 40,1 % were multidrug resistant (MDR). The antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella strains of the most common serovars S. Infantis, S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis has specific differences. Among the S. Infantis and S. Typhimurium strains, MDR ones prevailed (85,5 % and 80,9 % respectively), while in S. Enteritidis the share of such strains was 8,5 %. The MDR-pattern including chloramphenicol, ampicillin, tetracycline, streptomycin and sulfonamide was prevailed. It was detected of S. Typhimurium strains isolated from pigs or from pig products. The other common MDR-pattern – nalidixic acid, tetracycline and nitrafurantoin, was characteristic of the S. Infantis strains isolated from poultry or poultry products. Salmonella strains isolated from pigs differed significantly from those isolated from pig products in terms of the proportion of susceptible, resistant and MDR strains, while the difference between these categories of strains for cattle, poultry and products thereof had no statistically significant differences. The quinolone resistance in S. Infantis and S. Enteritidis strains was due to mutations in the gyrA gene in 83 (substitution of serine with phenylalanine) or 87 codons (substitution of aspartic acid with glycine or tyrosine), similar to strains isolated from humans. Resistance to cephalosporins of 3 – 4 generations in the studied strains was due to the production of extended spectrum β-lactamases (CTX-M-family) and AmpC-cephalosporinases (CMY-family). Key words: Salmonella, susceptibility, resistance, antimicrobials, farm animals, foods.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2021.24.10.14-19

INFECTION DISEASE

20 Sibgatullova A.K., Titov I.A. Analysis multigene families 110 and 505 (9R – 10R) of the African swine fever virus

The article presents the multigenic families of African swine fever virus. An analysis of the nucleotide sequences of fragments of the multigene family MGF 110 and MGF 505 (9R-10R) of ASF virus isolates was carried out. As a result of the studies carried out, it was possible to identify single nucleotide substitutions in a fragment of the multigene family 110. Key words: African swine fever, multigenic families, MGF 100, MGF 300, MGF 505, sequencing, isolates, strains.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2021.24.10.20-26

26 Streltsova Y.B. Pathological changes of lymphoid tissues at porcine circovirus associated disease

Porcine circovirus disease, caused by PCV2, is widely spread among pig farms around the world. The article shows the results of pathological and histological examination of organs of pigs that were naturally infected with the second type of porcine circovirus in conditions of Russian pig farms. The pathological material used comes from pigs with PCV-2 infection and macroscopic assessment of lesions. Organs were taken from piglets of 2-6 months-old piglets with a characteristic clinical signs of circovirus infection. Porcine circovirus type 2 affects lymph nodes, causing deep destructive processes in the organs of pigs’ immune system, so the purpose of this study was to detect pathologies in the lymphoid organs. The study found that the spleen and lymph nodes lose germinal center and the structures of lymphoid cells change. This process demonstrates the depletion of lymphoid organs, reducing the immune status of pigs and the risk of emergence of secondary infections on the background of a weak immune system. Key words: circovirus, PCV-2, porcine circoviral disease, histology, lymphoid organs.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2021.24.10.26-28

29 Romantseva Yu.N. Culture medium improvement for the cultivation of M. bovis

The improved Löwenstein-Jensen medium is superior to the classical Löwenstein-Jensen medium and modified medium with maral tail extracts by 23,6 % and 17 % in terms of bacterial mass accumulation, and by 2,6 and 1,3 times in terms of the time of growth. Key words: maral skin, tail extract, culture medium, hydrolysate.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2021.24.10.29-31

INVASIVE DISEASE

32 Perfilyeva O.N., Efremova E.A., Udaltsov E.A. Trichinellosis (T. pseudospiralis, T. nativa) and opisthorchiasis – diagnostic effectiveness of a digital trichinelloscope

The research results indicate that when using the digital trichinelloscope PARTNER DT-9M, the complexity of the process of diagnosing trichinosis and opisthorchiasis decreases. At the same time, the number of detected larvae in the biomaterial increases significantly, and the clarity of visualization of objects makes it easy to differentiate them from artifacts. Both actively moving capsule-free and stationary capsule-free and capsule forms of trichinella larvae, as well as opisthorchid metacercariae, are clearly visible. The time savings, respectively, during trichinelloscopy of muscle tissue samples with T. nativa and T. pseudospiralis were 14,7 and 8,5%, when examined for opisthorchiasis – 14,8 %. It is promising and justified to equip this device with research, educational institutions and specialized laboratories. Key words: diagnostics of biohelminthiasis, propagative forms of T. pseudospiralis, T. nativa, O. felineus, digital trichinelloscope PARTNER DT-9M, fish, laboratory animals.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2021.24.10.32-35

35 Mineeva O.V. Macroparasites of bearded stone loach of small rivers of south of Middle Volga region

The results of a parasitological study of the bearded stone loach of two tributaries of the Kuibyshev reservoir are presented. Eight species of multicellular parasites were identified, two of which (Ichthyocotylurus platycephalus and Ichthyocotylurus variegatus) were first observed in the host in the Volga basin. The dominant species in the parasite fauna of the bearded stone loach of small rivers in the south of Middle Volga region is larva of the nematode Raphidascaris acus. Key words: bearded stone loach, macroparasites, small rivers.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2021.24.10.35-38

OBSTTETRICS, GYNECOLOGY

39 Borkholeeva A.V., Budaeva A.B., Ochirova L.A. Effects of ozonized milk on Escherichia coli

The purpose of this work was to study the bactericidal properties of ozonized milk for one of the causative agents of mastitis – Escherichia coli, which circulating in nature infects animals, sharply aggravating the course of the pathological process, changing the nature of the course of mastitis with a transition to protracted and chronic forms. As a test culture used museum strains test culture of the microorganism strain M-17 Escherichia coli. Destructive changes in E. coli bacterial cells were studied using an FEI Company Quanta 200 scanning electron microscope. We carried out experimental studies on the effect of ozonized milk with different modes of bubbling on the ultrastructure and morphofunctional changes in E. coli cells. Key words: Escherichia coli, ozonized milk, mastitis, ultrastructure of cells, morphofunctional changes in cells.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2021.24.10.39-43

ZOOHYGIENA, SANITATION, ECOLOGY

44 Tjurin E.A., Shishkina O.B., Artemenko E.V. Modern requirements for the life of the engineering systems of the world in veterinary institutions

Article explores the need to improve the safety of facilities belonging to veterinary institutions that conduct diagnostic, experimental and production work with microorganisms II – IV pathogenicity groups. Principles and criteria for engineering and technical support for biological safety The principles and criteria for the engineering and technical maintenance of the biological safety of veterinary institutions, which are the same and necessary for all institutions where they work with the PBA, have been defined. Key words: biosafety, veterinary institutions, engineering systems of biosafety, engineering and technical service.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2021.24.10.44-48

NONINFETIOUS DISEASE

49 Akimov A.L., Fedyushina S.S. Dynamics of physiological parameters in horses with recurrent airway obstruction

The article studies, compares and analyzes the physiological indicators during remission and relapse of obstructive airway disease in horses, and also provides an assessment of the decrease in the performance of animals during these periods. Comparative characteristics were carried out according to the following indicators: body temperature, heart rate (pulse), respiratory rate and breathing characteristics, time spent on the restoration of these indicators to the initial level after a 10-minute load, as well as indices of increased respiratory movements (DD) and cardiac excitability. The presented research results provide a clearer understanding of how this disease affects the functional ability of sport horses. Key words: horse, recurrent airway obstruction, equestrian sport, breathing, working capacity.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2021.24.10.49-52

PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY

53 Solomatin V.V., Ryadnov A.A., Zlepkina N.A., Konoblei T.V. The effect of biologically active drugs on the hematological parameters of the blood of broiler chickens

The article presents the results of studies on the effect of the vitamin-selenium-containing drug Carcesel in combination with the enzyme preparations CelloLux-F, Protosubtilin-GZh and Amylosubtilin-GZh on the morphological and biochomic blood parameters of broiler chickens. It was found that the introduction of the drug Carcesel into the diets in combination with the studied enzyme preparations increases the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, the concentration of hemoglobin and glucose in the blood; in the blood serum: the content of total protein, albumins, globulins, total calcium and inorganic phosphorus, compared with the control, indicating the intensification of redox and metabolic processes in the body of broilers. The greatest effect on the hematological parameters of broilers was provided by the drug Carcesel together with the enzyme preparation CelloLux-F. Key words: broiler chickens, Carcesel, enzyme preparations, red blood cells, hemoglobin, total protein, albumins, total calcium.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2021.24.10.53-55

56 Grishaeva I.N., Krotova M.G., Belozerskikh I.S. Wound-healing effect of ointments based on velvet antler and maral by-product hydrolysates

The article presents the results of treatment of laboratory animals with ointments based on a velvet antler extract, and velvet antler/uterus/tendon hydrolysates in combination with chitosan. Guinea pigs were wounded and then checked daily using the R.W. Sessions method. By analyzing the proportion of the healed area in relation to the initial wound area, we found out that wound treatment with hydrolysate ointments was 5,2 – 40 % more effective compared to the control group. The best result was obtained with the uterus hydrolysate in combination with chitosan; the wound healed completely on the 9th day of the study. Key words: wound, velvet antler products, wound healing, hydrolysates, ointment.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2021.24.10.56-58

59 Kosman V.M., Karlina M.V., Spirina A.S., Spirina O.A., Ermakov A.M., Akimov D.Yu., Makarova M.N., Makarov V.G. Pharmacokinetics of drug in dogs and cats

Pharmacokinetics of hydrochloride was studied after a single intramuscular administration of the veterinary medicine ,the active substance of which is tramadol hydrochloride (FSUE Moscow Endocrine Plant, Russia), at a dose of 3 mg/kg for dogs and 4 mg/kg for cats. The obtained values of the main pharmacokinetic parameters (Cmax, AUC, Tmax, MRT, T1/2, Tmax) were similar for the two animal species. The drug quickly enters the blood, the maximum concentration of tramadol in the blood plasma is reached within half an hour after administration, the drug has a fairly short half-life period (2,6 – 3,7 hours) and low mean retention time (3,7 – 5,3 hours). The data obtained are consistent with the literature for other tramadol hydrochloride medicines obtained on various types of domestic and agricultural animals. Key words: tramadol hydrochloride, dogs, cats, pharmacokinetics, plasma, HPLC-UV.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2021.24.10.59-64