CONTENTS №5-2019
4 Zhuravleva V.A., Sydlick M.V., Lyska V.M., Vlasov M.Y., Balyshev V.M. The role of wild boars in the spread of ASF in the Vladimir region
The features of the spread and spatial-temporal patterns of the emergence of local ASF epizootics among boars and/or domestic pigs in the Vladimir region are studied. The infectious agent introduction from the Moscow and/orthe Yaroslavl regionsinto the hunting grounds of the Aleksandrov and the Yuryev-Polsky districts of the Vladimir region was the most likely cause of ASF outbreaks there. In 2015 – 2016, the ASF-affected area went on spreading; thus, the disease was found in 11 districts of the Vladimir region where as many as 17 ASF foci among boars and 8 among domestic pigs were registered. In the areas with high boar population density, a rapid formation of extensive ASF foci was determined. As a rule, after ASF was detected in boars, the disease was either registered in domestic pigs. This indirectly indicates the crucial role of the wild boar in the infection spread over the Vladimir region. The highest amount of ASF outbreaks among boars was mainly observed in the summer and the winter periods while in domestic pigsin the summer and the autumn periods, which is generally consistent with the respective data for the Russian Federation. To date, the number of wild boars in the Vladimir region reduced by more than 3 times as compared to the one in 2010 – 2012, so the boar population density is 1 animal per 1 thousand hectares being one of the main causes of the stabilization of the epizootic situation for ASF as observed in the region. The results of studies on the role of boars in the spread of ASF in the Vladimir region can be taken into account when combating this disease in other regions of the Russian Federation. At the same time, the optimal number of wild boars in regions not affected by ASF should be no more than 0,5 – 1 individuals/10 km2. Key words: African swine fever, boar, domestic pig, hunting farm.
DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2019.22.5.04-09
EXPERIMENT, PROBLEMS, PERSPECTIVES
10 Arakelyan P.C., Tregubov A.N., Rudenko A.V., Vergun A.A., Ilin E.N., Khristenko N.V., Dimova A.S., Dimov S.K. Efficiency of combating bovine brucellosis without vaccination
There were registered 510 foci of bovine brucellosis in the Stavropol region in 2010 – 2018. Most cases were peasant and personal subsidiary farms in which did not use vaccines against brucellosis, since the joint content of all age and sex groups of animals makes unacceptable officially regulated schemes of specific prevention of this infection. Of the 62 farms in which animalswere vaccinated against brucellosis only 6 (9,6 %) rehabilitated 2 – 6 years ago. 418 (82 %) of infection foci occurred in 15 of the 27 districts of the region; the duration of their trouble varied from 5 to 9 years. Of the 510 registered in the analyzed period foci of brucellosis 98 (19,2 %) were primary and served as the sources of 290 (56,8 %) of new foci. From the results of the analysis, the need for the use of specific prevention of brucellosis and the development schemes of cattle vaccination suitable for peasant farms and private farms is obvious. Key words: brucellosis, epizooticfocus, vaccination.
DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2019.22.5.10-13
14 Brazhnik E.A., Laptev G.Yu., Novikova N.I., Bolshakov V.N., Ivanov V.S. Effect of feed additive Profort® on the morphometric characteristics of the intestine chickens of the Cobb 500 cross
The company Biotrof conducted an experiment on growing broilers of line «Cobb 500» with the use of the feed additive Profort®. The beneficial effect of the feed additive on the morphology of the intestines of chickens and the length of the villi in the duodenum was revealed. Key words: blind gut, broilers, duodenum, feed additive, goblet cells, intestinal villi.
17 Mukhamedshina А.R. SOCOREX syringes: swiss quality and innovation for Russian livestock
The article substantiates the need for the use of high-quality syringes in modern veterinary medicine for working with birds, pigs, ships, cattle and fish. The main models of syringes, needles and laboratory equipment of the Swiss company Socorex Isba S.A., as well as the latest developments of the enterprise are presented: ultra-light veterinary self-filling syringe Socorex ULTRA 1810 with an innovative valve mechanism and syringe Socorex with a fixed volume. Key words: veterinary medicine, syringes, needles, laboratory equipment, vaccination, Socorex, poultry.
20 Gubin Ya.A., Mashnin A.V., Mashnin D.V. Bead-based multiplex assays in veterinary diagnostic
Bead-based multiplex assays (BBMAs) are applicable for high throughput, simultaneous detection of multiple analytes in solution (from several to 50–500 analytes within a single, small sample volume). In veterinary medicine, various nucleic acid and protein-coupled beads can be used in, or for the development of, antigen and antibody BBMAs, with the advantage that more data can be collected using approximately the same amount of labor as used for other antigen and antibody assays. Veterinary-related BBMAs could be used for detection of pathogens, genotyping, measurement of hormone levels, and in disease surveillance and vaccine assessment. The current review summarizes the BBMA technology and some of the currently available BBMAs developed for veterinary settings. Key words: bead assay, cytometric bead array, Luminex, diagnostics, xMAP, multiplex.
INFECTION DISEASE
25 Titov I.A., Malogolovkin A.S., Kolbasov D.V. Identification of the causative agent of malignant catarrhal fever by molecular genetic methods
The results of identification of a pathogen that caused an outbreak of cattle disease in the Irkutsk Region in 2017 are presented. Based on the PCR and sequencing of the polymerase gene fragment, the OvHV2 / Irkutsk 2017 isolate was identified as Ovine Herpesvirus 2. The phylogenetic analyses showed that it belong to a group of European strains. Key words: Malignant catarrhal fever virus, PCR, sequencing.
DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2019.22.5.25-28
28 Pulotov F.Kh., Devrishov D.A. Sheep clostridioses and their control
The review presents literature data on the distribution, etiology, pathogenesis, symptomatology and measures of control of sheep clostridioses. The epizootological features of these anaerobic infections in Tajikistan are analyzed. Recommendations on the prevention of occurrence and the arresting of their outbreaks are given. Key words: anaerobic enterotoxemia, bradzot, clostridia, control measures, immunoprophylaxis, vaccination.
DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2019.22.5.28-31
INVASIVE DISEASE
32 Engashev S.V., Engasheva E.S., Tokarev A.N., Belova L.M., Gavrilova N.A., Shiryaeva V.A., Tokareva O.A., Loginova O.A., Kuznetsov Y.E. Iversan® is the effective medicinal product against stongilatosis of gastrointestinal tract of calves
The purpose of this clinical study was to determine the effectiveness of the Iversan® drug in case of strongylatosis of the gastrointestinal tract of calves. 2 groups of animals were formed: experimental and control. The studies involved calves of black-and-white breed weighing from 130 to 200 kg at the age of 6 – 11 months, in which the helminth eggs of the order Strongylida were found using coproovoscopic methods. To clarify the genus and species names of strongylid coprolarvoscopic methods were used. Calves of the first (experimental) group were injected with Iversan® at a dose of 1 ml per 200 kg of animal weight (200 μg of ivermectin per 1 kg of animal weight) individually, orally with water from a syringe along margo interalveolaris on the base of the tongue. Calves of the (second) control group did not receive the drug. The animals of the experimental and control groups were monitored. The physiological state of the animals before the drug, as well 3 and 14 days after was recorded. Fourteen days after the injection, a coprological study was conducted for the presence of helminth eggs in animals of the experimental and control groups. As a result of the strongylid larvae culturing, it was found that the calves were infested with the causative agents of esophagostomosis, bunostomosis and ostetagiosis. Studies have shown presence of the larvae in 100 %, 55 and 35 % of the samples studied, respectively. According to the results of coprological studies conducted on the 14th day after the application of Iversan® by feeding with a small amount of water at a dose of 1 ml of the drug per 200 kg of animal weight, its high efficacy was established against strongylatoses of the gastrointestinal tract of cattle, which was confirmed by the absence of helminth eggs in the feces samples of experimental (No.1) group. In the fecal samples of calves from the control (No. 2) group, which did not receive the drug, an increase in the number of helminth eggs was observed, indicating an increase in the intensity of invasion. Before use, as well as 3 and 14 days after a single injection of the drug Iversan® to calves at a dose of 1 ml per 200 kg, there were no deviations in the physiological state of the animals. Key words: ivermectin, cattle, strongylatoses of gastrointestinal tract.
35 Kashkovskaya L.M., Orobets V.A., Balyshev A.V., Abramov S.V. Prophylactic efficiency of new coxidiostatic – Coccimax
The drug Coccimax has possesses a pronounced coccidicidal action and reliably prevents the broach chickens eimeriosis. Coccimax intake provides 100% safety of the bird. Emersion field isolates exhibit high sensitivity to the drug. The results of the experiment allow us to recommend Coccimax to fighting of eimeriosis. Key words: anticoccidial drugs, diclazuril, Coccimax, eimeriosis, broiler chickens.
OBSTTETRICS, GYNECOLOGY
38 Perletskaya O.V., Shestakova A.N., Tsyvunina D.A. Kasimov V.M., Burkova Yu.V. Specifics of spermogram, genitals and hematologic parameters in male dogs of the german shepherd breed and wolf-dog hybrids
When conducting andrological medical examinations differences in spermatogenesis were established in males of the German shepherd and wolf hybrids with dogs. The dog ejaculate was 47 % larger, the sperm concentration in it 2 times higher and their activity on 39 % higher than in hybrids. The frequency of detection of impaired lipoprotein membrane in sperm of dogs was 16,4% and in sperm of hybrids – 42,3 %, the number of pathological forms of germ cells in their ejaculates did not exceed 3,2 and 4,5 %, and sperm acidity was 5,6 and 6,2, respectively. Ultrasound scanning showed that the testes of dogs and hybrids have an ellipsoidal shape, fine-grained and uniform echostructure, smooth and precise contours. Trabecula is visualized as a hyperechoic strip in their central part. The ratio of the thickness testis and epididymis was 3:1 – 4:1. Hybrids significantly differed from dogs by the lower blood levels of leukocytes (55 %), hemoglobin (6,1 %), testosterone (10,8 times) and lysozyme (36 %), with higher phagocytic index (12,8 %) and creatinine content (29 %), alanine aminotransferase activities (1,6 times) and alkaline phosphatase (2,2 times). Key words: alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, andrological examination, biochemical analysis, dog, german shepherd, hemoglobin, creatinine, blood, leukocytes, lysozyme, phagocytic index, spermogram, testosterone, ultrasound, wolf, wolves and dogs hybrid.
NONINFETIOUS DISEASES
42 Alekhin Yu.N., Lebedeva A.Y., Danilevsky N.V., Subbotin V.V. Influence of food supplement Lactobifadol Forte on the motor function of rumen and the composition of its contents at acidosis
The effect of Lactobifadol Forte on the motor function of the rumen and the composition of its content in healthy cows and cows with experimentally reproduced rumen acidosis was studied. Animals for 30 days received a basic diet corresponding to the nutritional recommendations for feeding. The diet of the control group included benign silage, and of the experimental group -silage with high content of acetic acid and deficiency of lactic acid. It is shown that the acidic profile of the diet of cows changes the work of the rumen with the development of acidosis. Feed additive Lactobifadol Forte has a positive influence on the processes of digestion. The entry of the microbial mass Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium adolescentis into the scar cavity, which already formed the acid profile, prevented the pathological cascade of acidosis, dysbiosis and hypotension of the scar. The results of the research give the basis to recommend Lactobifadol Forte for the prevention and correction of disorders of the scar in cattle at a dose of 12,5 g for 10 days once, and then twice with feed. Key words: cattle, experimental rumen acidosis, motor function of rumen, microbiota, enzymes, biochemical composition of rumen contents, treatment, prevention, bifidobacteria, lactobacillus.
DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2019.22.5.38-41
47 Pereslegina I.O., Zhavnis S.E. Correction of multiple organ failure in a cat after toxic overdose of anesthesia
Described is the case of multiple organ failure in a cat weighing 3,7 kg after an overdose of anesthesia (telazol, intramuscularly). During the operation a respiratory arrest occured, which was corrected by the inoculation of dexamethasone, 1,5 ml. On the basis of ultrasound examination and blood tests, the diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, early stage of nephropathy, and cholestatic hepatitis was established. Blood analysis: anemia, leukocytosis, increased levels of glucose (19,3 mmol/l), AsАT (101,7 u/l), AlАT (198,3 u/l), creatinine (310 µmol/l), urea (14,3 mmol/l). Urine: sharply increased glucose level (22,3 mmol/l). As a result of the prescribed complex therapy on the 3rd day the cat began to eat soft food, diuresis was restored. After 14 days: no more signs of anemia, ESR returned to normal, according to the biochemical blood analysis, almost all the main indices also returned to normal levels. Clinically, the cat is completely healthy. We believe that reducing the effects of poisoning and correction of anemia was achieved through the inclusion in the treatment regimen of the drug gamavit, which has proven effective in the treatment of poisoning and anemia of various origin. Key words: multiple organ failure, overdose of anesthesia, poisoning, anemia, gamavit.
PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY
52 Arisova G.B., Balyshev A.V., Belykh I.P., Semenova N.V., Artemov V.V. The study of the pharmacokinetic parameters and efficacy of the drugs Inspector Quadro С and Inspector Quadro К for dogs and cats infected by endoparasites
The pharmacokinetic parameters and effectiveness of the combined drugs Inspector Quadro C and Inspector Quadro K, containing praziquantel, fipronil, pyriproxifene and moxidectin as active substances, were studied. It was established that praziquantel reach the detectable level in the blood of dogs and cats during 25-30 days, moxidectin – during 40 and 30 days, respectively, after single application of drugs on the skin. Such differences in the pharmacokinetics of moxidectin in dogs and cats were due to the more intense metabolism of this anthelmintic in the body of the latter. The effectiveness of drugs against endoparasites was 100 %. Key words: cat, blood, dog, pharmacokinetics, endoparasitosis, efficacy.
DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2019.22.5.52-56
56 Pavlenko G.I., Philipenkova G.V., Prokopenko A.A. Studying some parameters of toxicity of new disinfecting drug Astradez Bioxy in laboratory experiments
We studied the toxicity, cumulative properties and the effect on the animal organism of the drug Astradez Bioxy. It was established that the disinfectant exhibits moderate toxicity (a compound of the hazard class 3), does not adversely affect on the animal’s organism and is suitable for disinfection in veterinary practice. Key words: acute toxicity, animals, cumulative properties, disinfectant, hazard class, skin-resorptive effect.
DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2019.22.5.56-61
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