CONTENTS №8-2020

3 Makarov V.V., Lozovoy D.A. On the importance of diagnostics in the management of enzootic bovine leucosis

The epizootological aspects of the diagnosis of enzootic bovine leucosis (EBL) as the main cause of the problem of eliminating infection in the Russian Federation are discussed in this article. The retrospective essence of the system of anti-EBL managements based on AGID, the insufficient sensitivity of the epizootological diagnosis, the significantly “delayed" effect do not allow to achieve complete recovery of the herd due to the persistence of false negative individuals. A direct evidence of its inefficiency is the steady large-scale disadvantage of domestic livestock for twenty years of the new century. The system proposed and published 15 years ago which involves additional identification of PCR-infected from among AGID-negative cattle establishes the real position of PCR in anti-EBL management on more than reliable statistical material. The conversion from epizootologically passive retrospective diagnosis as the main reason for untimely and incomplete detection of infected animals to direct rapid detection of the pathogen (provirus) using PCR testing is the only real direction for the effective recovery of EBL and preventing the spread of infection. PCR is effective for screening young animals as the most critical risk group and infection factor for private farms cows starting at two weeks of age. Timely removal of infected animals and their further use in various scenarios allows minimizing losses, quickly eliminating morbidity and protecting households from the occurrence of EBL. Key words: enzootic bovine leucosis, control management, diagnostics, polymerase chain reaction.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2020.23.8.03-11

EXPERIMENT, PROBLEMS, PERSPECTIVES

12 Kochish I.I., Shukanov R.A., Shukanov A.A., Lezhnina M.N., Altinova N.V. Age variability fiziologo-andrological status bullies in terms of improvement of adaptive system of their content

In the context of improving the adaptive system of cattle maintenance, it has been found that the complex application of natural biogenic compounds Selenopiran and Iodomedol to bovine 2-, 31-, 151-, 361-day age, taking into account the deficiency of selenium and iodine in the local agro-ecological system of the region, was characterized by the steady development of their physiological and androlological status. Key words: bulls, Selenopiran, Iodomedol, blood, seeds, adaptive system, fiziologo-andrological status.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2020.23.8.12-15

16 Kashkovskaya L.M., Orobets V.A. Effective broiler therapy for clostridiosis

The 100 % effectiveness of the drug Nosifor for clostridiosis of broiler chickens is shown. The drug contributes to the preservation of livestock and a positive effect on productivity. The results of the experiment allow recommending Nosifor for the fight against clostridiosis. Key words: nosigheptide, Nosifor, clostridiosis, broiler chickens, intestinal health.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2020.23.8.16-19

INFECTION DISEASE

20 Slivko I.A., Balashova E.A., Zhivoderov S.P., Koltsova G.S., Belov S.V., Lapteva O.G., Lunitsin A.V., Shevtsova L.I. Biological and genetic features of the rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus epizootically relevant to the Russian Federation

Rabbit hemorrhagic disease (RHD) is a deadly disease which may cause significant damage to both the rabbit industry and private farming. The spread of the new type of RHD virus is of concern as its pathogenic characteristics differ from strains that currently circulate in the Russian Federation. The article provides data on biological and genetic properties of RHDV strain that caused a deadly outbreak on a private farm in the Tver region in 2018. The epizootological investigation confirmed that animals have been immunized against RHDV by a domestic vaccine based on classical RHDV strains. The isolate was studied by using a complex of virological and immunological methods. It was shown that the causative agent of the outbreak is Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus Type 2 (RHDV2 or RHDVb). In phylogenetic terms, this virus differs from the other lagoviruses isolated in Russia and has a unique antigenic profile. These findings should be considered when assessing the epizootological situation and planning preventive and diagnostical activities against RHDV in the Russian Federation. Key words: RHDV-2, virus isolation, rabbits, sequencing, phylogenetical analyses.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2020.23.8.20-25

26 Mannapova R.T., Shaikhulov R.R., Mannapov A.G. Restoration of liver ultrastructure using enzymotherapy with adaptogenes during candidiasis

Candidiasis causes huge economic damage to the poultry industry. However, to date, there are no effective prevention and treatment methods [1, 2, 5, 7]. They result in violation of microbiocenosis of all parts of the digestive tract. Violations of the natural microbiocenosis of the digestive tract of geese are accompanied by pronounced changes in the biochemical and immunological balance as well as all types of metabolism [3, 4, 6]. This is due to significant destructive changes in the liver of birds, which are detectable at ultramicroscopic level. Traditional mycobiotic therapy is not effective and does not contribute to the restoration of structural and cytological changes in the liver [4, 10]. Comparative studies revealed significant positive changes in the ultrastructure of the organ only when complex therapy of lyticase enzyme in combination with probiotic and propolis were administered. Key words: geese, candidasis, Candida albicans, liver, ultrastructure, hepatocytes, nucleus, mitochondria, Kupfer cells, krista, vacuoli, myelin-like structures, destruction, fat dystrophy.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2020.23.8.26-32

INVASIVE DISEASE

33 Bondarenko G.A., Trukhina T.I., Solovyеva I.A., Ivanov D.A. Distribution of trichinosis in natural conditions of the south of the Far East

The article analyzes the retrospective data with the establishment of animal species susceptible to infection with trichinosis in the southern districts of the Far Eastern Federal District. The main species, prevailing in the number of animals-carriers of the causative agent of trichinosis in natural conditions with cartography, are identified. The species of animals that have the greatest influence on the formation and maintenance of trichinosis foci in the region have been established. Key words: trichinosis, wild animals, extensiveness of invasion, number, Far East.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2020.23.8.33-35

36 Norkobilov B.T., Azimov D.A., Akramova F.D., Shakarbaev U.A., Kaniyazov A.Zh. Animal schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma turkestanicum Skrjabin, 1913 in Uzbekistan

Modern data on the spread of animal schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma turkestanicum in Uzbekistan are presented. The largest centers of infestation were found in the Aral sea region, where the infection rate reaches 33,0 % for sheep, 15,5 % for goats, 55,2 % for cattle, 10,2 % for camels and 21,5 % for horses. This indicates the intensity of the helminthological situation for animal schistosomiasis in the region. Key words: schistosomiasis, epizootology, dynamics, Aral Sea region, Uzbekistan.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2020.23.8.36-38

39 Kroshkina I.A., Akbaev R.M., Generalov А.А. Insecticidal efficiency of powder microcrystalline silica at trichodectidosis of home carnivor animals

Research work was carried out to study the insecticidal efficacy of microcrystalline silica in the form of a powder for trichodectidoses in cats and dogs. The causative agents of the disease are small, yellowish-brown, wingless insects with a flattened dorso-ventral body and a complex, gnawing-grasping oral apparatus, belonging to the species Felicola subrostratus and Trichodectes canis, respectively. Insects of these species are ectoparasites of carnivores. Development biology from eggs to adults, reproduction and nutrition occurs on the body of animals. The powder was flushed (sprayed) over the body of these species of pets with an evenly thin layer using a DINAMICA backpack battery pack duster twice, with an interval of 12 days. It was found that the test agent has a pronounced insecticidal effect. No live ectoparasites were found in carnivores from the skin and hairline. A powder consisting of microcrystalline silica, enveloping the body of insects, prevents the flow of oxygen through the spiracles and damaging the wax layer of their cuticles, draws moisture. As a result, the insect dies. This tool does not contain xenobiotics, and can serve as an alternative to traditional insecticides. Key words: felicolosis, trichodectosis, ectoparasites, cats, dogs, therapy, Felicola subrostratus, Trichodectes canis, microcrystalline silica powder.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2020.23.8.39-40

OBSTTETRICS, GYNECOLOGY

41 Fedotov S.V., Redkin S.V., Belozertseva N.S., Yahaeva А.P., Kapitonov Е.А. Effect of Poliroli microelements on the efficiency of egg laying, egg quality and prevention of diseases of the reproductive organs of laying hens

In large poultry farms, egg diseases of the organs of egg formation account for 20 to 50 % of all diseases of non-infectious etiology, which causes great economic damage to poultry farming as a result of shortage of production, death and rejection of laying hens. Our studies on the use of the complex preparation Polysoli microelements indicate an effective combination of its constituent components. Their combined effect had a positive effect on the body of laying hens. Moreover, fluctuations in biochemical parameters were within the physiological norm, and some of them rose to the upper limits: total protein, total glutathione, calcium, inorganic phosphorus and vitamin E. When analyzing the production tests of the drug Polysoli microelements a certain pattern is seen, i.e. the dependence of all components: productivity, preservation and pathology of the reproductive organs of laying hens. So, in the experimental chickens section, where the mineral complex was used for prophylactic purposes, safety increased by 39,47 %, culling decreased by 43,4 %, productivity increased by 2,3 %; at the same time, the quality characteristics of laid eggs improved. Key words: Laying hens, ovarian inflammation, Polysoli microelements, egg production, shell.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2020.23.8.41-44

NONINFETIOUS DISEASE

45 Rodionova T.N., Strogov V.V., Andreev A.A. Pharmacocentetics of Zinc asparaginate and its effectiveness in the diet of broiler chickens

Researches on assessment of the impact of Asparaginate zinc 0,1% concentration with drinking water on growth and development broilers a cross-country of Cobb-500 of parental herd are conducted. Gain of life mass a bird of skilled group 14,5 % higher, concerning control is a established. The zinc content in the liver, bones and skin was in direct proportion to the zinc content in the diet. Key word: сhicken broilers, Cobb-500, Zinc asparaginate, live weigth, liver, bone tissue, skin.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2020.23.8.45-47

47 Keleberda N.I., Lavrik A.A., Moskalev V.B., Ali S.G. Study of the recovery properties of a mesenchymal stem cells secretome low molecular fraction in dogs with hepatopathies

The results of a study of application efficiency of mesenchymal stem cells secretome low molecular fraction (below 50 kDa) in the treatment of liver diseases in dogs in a comparative aspect with traditional treatment methods are presented. The data obtained indicate that the inclusion of the studied drug in the therapeutic regimen allows normalizing the functional activity of the liver, which is confirmed by the study of indicators of its functional activity and ultrasound scan data. Moreover, in the control group of animals using traditional methods of treatment, during the study period, functional recovery of the liver did not occur, in addition, there was a tendency for acute cases of diseases into a chronic form. Key words: dogs, hepatopathy, mesenchymal stem cells, secretome, regenerative properties.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2020.23.8.47-52

53 Rudenko A.A., Rudenko P.A., Vatnikov Yu.A., Yagnikov S.A., Kulikov E.V., Kuznetsov V.I. Informativenes of echocardiographic and hematological screening in cats before general anesthesia

Blood tests and echocardiography are often recommended for preoperative assessment of the clinical status of domestic cats and dogs, especially high-risk groups or elderly animals. The purpose of this study was to assess the diagnostic informativity of the echocardiographic and hematological screening in cats prior to general anesthesia. Preoperative hematological and echocardiographic screening is an important element of the diagnostic process, which allows detecting hidden comorbid pathology in cats. This approach allows timely identification of pathologies of the heart, blood, liver, kidneys, metabolism, thyroid gland, modification and optimization of preoperative therapeutic interventions in order to stratify operational risks. Conducting a comprehensive preoperative study in cats allows us to better provide veterinary services, which is very important from the standpoint of veterinary management. Key words: cats, anesthesiology, hematology, echocardiography, screening.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2020.23.8.53-57

VETERINARY-SANITARY CONTROL

58 Nemkov G.G., Davydov D.V., Yakimenko V.V., Belousov V.I., Kremleva A.A., Shtradman O.V., Skomorina Yu.A. The effectiveness of new-generation ultraviolet irradiators to reduce the microbiological risks of food spoilage

The article provides information on the use of ultraviolet installations for disinfecting air, surfaces of industrial premises of food enterprises, veterinary laboratories and various equipment, containers, packaging, vehicles and transport equipment, raw meat, meat and other food products. Doses for the inactivation of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms have been developed. To ensure inactivation with an efficiency of 99 %, the necessary dose was: for Staphylococcus aureus (normalized microorganism) – 6 mJ/cm2; according to KMAFAnM 40 – 50 mJ/cm2; yeast 50 – 70 mJ/cm2; mold – up to 100 mJ/cm2. The new generation of ultraviolet irradiators using amalgam lamps (instead of mercury lamps) made it possible to use them effectively and safely in veterinary laboratories, food industry enterprises, including in freezers at a temperature of 25 0C. The effectiveness of reducing microbial contamination using the tested UV irradiators was from 5 – 9x104 to 102 CFU/cm3. Key words: industrial premises, meat and meat products, microorganisms, disinfection.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2020.23.8.58-63