CONTENTS №5-2021

3 Ganiev I.M., Malanyeva A.G., Aymaletdinov A.M., Alexandrova N.M., Rizvanov A.A., Zakirova E.Yu. The Treatment of articular cartilage damage in various animal species with mesenchymal stem cells

One of the main problems in veterinary practice is damage of articular cartilage in animals. In agriculture, this leads to their culling from the herd, even if it is a highly productive animal. If there is damage of cartilage tissue in a small pet, the owner decides to euthanize it or carry out a long-term or lifelong treatment with a veterinarian. The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for the treatment of cartilage damage in veterinary medicine is based on good results of preclinical studies, then large animals were used as experimental models for studying of regenerative activity of MSCs. According to the literature, MSCs in veterinary medicine are used to treat cartilage damage in dogs and horses. Now sheep and goats are model objects for reproducing the disease in preclinical experimental studies. Key words: therapy, cartilage tissue, animals, mesenchymal stem cells, regeneration.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2021.24.5.03-07

EXPERIMENT, PROBLEMS, PERSPECTIVES

8 Aliev A.Yu., Titov A.V. Study of therapeutic efficiency of the homeopathic preparation Mastinol-forte in subclinical mastitis in sheep

The article contains data on determining of the optimal therapeutic dose of the combined homeopathic drug Mastinol-forte for the treatment of subclinical mastitis in sheep. The therapeutic efficacy of the drug Mastinol-forte, in dose of 2 ml per head, was studied in comparison with bicillin-3. It was found that the therapeutic efficacy of the drug Mastinol-forte is on 15,0 % higher than that of bicillin-3. Key words: ewes, Mastinol-forte, subclinical mastitis, therapeutic efficacy.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2021.24.5.08-10

11 Mukhamedshina А.R. Socorex Swiss syringes for industrial animal husbandry: reliability, efficiency and environmental friendliness

The article substantiates the need for the use of high-quality syringes in modern veterinary medicine for working with birds, pigs, ships, cattle and fish. The main models of syringes, needles and laboratory equipment of the Swiss company Socorex Isba S.A., as well as the latest developments of the enterprise are presented: ultra-light veterinary self-filling syringe Socorex ULTRA 1810 with an innovative valve mechanism and syringe Socorex with a fixed volume. Key words: veterinary medicine, syringes, needles, laboratory equipment, vaccination, Socorex, poultry.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2021.24.5.11-14

14 Petrova O.G., Barashkin M.I., Milshtein I.M., Alekseev A.D., Moskvin V.D. Disinfectant activity of Deo-wet rapid against the causative agent of Аfrican swine fever

The problem of introduction of new highly effective disinfectants has become highly relevant in recent years, due to the continued spread in the territory of the Russian Federation, the introduction of African swine fever, which is a real threat to the country's pig breeding. Given that for most disinfectants have not been studied for their virucidal activity against the virus of African swine fever appropriate to the conduct of work in support of veterinary disinfection practices tested highly effective means. Key words: disinfectant, the causative agent of African swine fever, animal houses, antimicrobial and antiviral activity, bioassay.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2021.24.5.14-18

INFECTION DISEASE

19 Egorova I.Yu., Selyaninov Yu.O. Isоlation of Escherichia fergusonii from warm-blooded and cold-blooded animals in the territory of the Russian Federation

Literature data show that nowadays Escherichia fergusonii can be included in list of known emergent and opportunistic pathogens. Bacterium isolation from human and animals with different pathologies suggests the potential zoonotic risks. Furthermore, the detection of genes responsible for virulence and resistance to antibacterial drugs allow to include E. fergusonii to pathogens posing a danger to public health. According to available data, the complexity of detection and identification of this bacterium lies in its high phenotypic and genetic similarities with Escherichia coli, in particular with its sorbitol-negative enterohemorrhagic biotypes O157: H7. E. fergusonii shows less similarity with Salmonella ssp. and Shigella ssp. Presumably these complications defines that single cases of E. fergusonii isolation from human on the territory of the Russian Federation does not show the real picture of the ecology and etiological significance of this bacterium in a country, taking in account it’s broad circulation in Europe, Asia, and Africa. The article describes cases of this pathogen isolation in the territory of the Russian Federation from cattle with pathology in the pulmonary system and fish of Scombridae family. Study of phenotypic characteristics of isolated cultures established it’s high similarity with earlier described strains of E. fergusonii. The main differences between isolates consisted of their sensitivity to antibacterial drugs: culture, isolated from cattle, was characterized by resistance to several macrolide antibiotics, aminoglycosides and β - lactams, widely used in the Russian Federation for treatment of animal pulmonary infections. The analysis of cow anamnestic data confirmed the earlier described hypothesis about the influence of animal immune deficiency on its sensitivity to this bacterium. Accidental nature of isolation of this pathogen during routine diagnostic procedures indicates the need to develop approaches on laboratory diagnostic of human and animal infections caused by Escherichia fergusonii. Key words: Escherichia fergusonii, biochemical properties, pathogenicity, antimicrobial resistance.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2021.24.5.19-24

24 Sibgatullova A.K., Vlasov M.E., Lunina D.A., Titov I.A. The spread of African swine fever in the Tver region

The article show descriptive and spatial analysis the spread of African swine fever epizootic in the Tver region from 2011 to 2020. Information on ASF outbreaks in the period from 2011 to 2020, the number of wild boars and seasonality are presented. Currently, measures are being taken to eliminate ASF in the Tver region. Key words: African swine fever, wild boars, domestic pigs, Tver region, epizootic focus, number of animals, seasonality.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2021.24.5.24-30

30 Engashev S.V., Gusev A.A., Engasheva E.S., Babak V.A. Antibiotic resistance and alternative methods of prevention and control of bacterial infections

The use of antimicrobial agents made it possible to eliminate a number of particularly dangerous infections. At the same time, due to the incorrect and uncontrolled use of antibiotics, bacteria began to acquire high resistance to all known antibiotics. Resistance of microorganisms to antibiotics is a natural phenomenon of their evolution, which manifests itself in the form of acquired or specific primary resistance. To do this, in the next decade, correctly used antibiotics should be put in the first place for veterinary medicine. In second place are specific vaccine preparations, in third place are immunostimulants, and in fourth place are probiotics and bacteriophages. Limiting and targeted use of antibiotics due to a correct diagnosis and determining the sensitivity of the pathogen to an antimicrobial drug will allow maintaining the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy in the future. Key words: antibiotic, infection, superbug, bacterial resistance, vaccine, probiotic, bacteriophage, immunostimulant.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2021.24.5.30-34

INVASIVE DISEASE

35 Bondarenko G.A., Solovyеva I.A., Trukhina T.I., Ivanov D.A. Features of natural foci of trichinosis in the Amur region

The paper provides data on the establishment of active foci of natural trichinosis in the Amur region. Wild animals of various species spontaneously infected with Trichinella larvae on the territory of the Amur Region were investigated. Acting foci of natural trichinosis have been established in 8 districts of the Amur Region, of which in the Blagoveshchensky, Ivanovsky, Romnensky, Tambovsky and Shimanovsky districts have the character of active and long-acting natural foci of trichinosis. It has been established that the reservoir of the causative agent of trichinosis in these areas is 4 species of wild animals – the common fox, wolf, badger and lynx. Key words: trichinosis, natural focus, capsule of Trichinella larvae, wild animals, Amur region.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2021.24.5.35-39

39 Safronov A.M., Lutsuk S.N. New effective remedies for malofagosis in chickens

The article presents the experiments of testing new insecticides for the treatment of hens with menoponidae. The species composition of mallophages has been established, which is represented by Menopon gallinae, Eomenacanthus stramineus and Goniocotes gallinae. Data on the extensiveness and intensity of invasion were obtained. A 0,1% solution of potassium polysulfide in combination with citric acid and a 1% solution of thymol, which were not previously used for the treatment of hens with menoponidae, and Entomazan and Iversan, which are recommended for combating ectoparasites of hens, were tested. As a result of the study, it was found that a 0,1% solution of potassium polysulfide in combination with a 2N solution of citric acid and a 1% solution of thymol are promising alternative agents for the treatment of hens with menoponidae. Key words: menoponidae, hens, Thymol, potassium polysulfide.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2021.24.5.39-42

OBSTTETRICS, GYNECOLOGY

43 Anisimov A.G., Narizhny A.G., Dzhamaldinov A.Ch.,Okolyshev S.M., Krovikova A.N. The quality of sperm and its fertilizing capacity with different methods of processing it before freezing

The studies examined the quality of sperm and its fertilizing capacity with different methods of processing it before freezing. When comparing the three methods of processing sperm before freezing (the first-ordinary diluted sperm; the second-with the concentration of sperm; the third-dialysis), it was found that the best results in motility, preservation of sperm acrosomes during freezing-thawing are observed with dialysis treatment of sperm. Similar results are observed in the fertilization of sows. Key words: media, boars, sows, artificial insemination, efficiency.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2021.24.5.43-46

ZOOHYGIENA, SANITATION, ECOLOGY

47 Menkova A.A., Kazimirov T.A., Tsygankov E.M., Vikarenko O.V. Virocide for pre-incubation treatment of eggs

This article discusses the current issue of import substitution and the effectiveness of the use of a domestic disinfectant Virocid, for pre-incubation treatment of eggs. Incubation batches of eggs were formed from a single-aged bird. Before lying in incubation machines, batches of hatching eggs were treated once with disinfectants. For the treatment of an experimental batch of eggs was used the drug Virocid and control Desalin-F. Flushes from the incubation egg were taken after 30 minutes of exposure. Determination of the total microbial number was performed according to generally accepted methods. According to the results of research, in flushes taken after processing the incubation batch of eggs, a significant decrease in the total microbial number in the experimental batch of eggs was found by 46,70 %, in relation to the control batch of flushes. As a result of biological control, in different embryonic periods of development, there was a significant decrease in the number of eggs with the category «frozen», «bumps» and «suffocating». When shooting and sorting chickens, there was a significant decrease in the «weak» and crippled». In this regard, we can conclude that the drug Virocid showed active, bactericidal properties, contributed to the activation of embryonic development and air exchange inside the egg, which affected the reduction of incubation defects in various embryonic stages of development. Key words: Virocide, incubation egg, pre-incubation treatment, total microbial number, biological control, hatching of chickens.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2021.24.5.47-49

NONINFETIOUS DISEASE

50 Trebukhov A.V. Interconnection of changes in biochemical parameters of blood with pathology of carbohydrate and fat metabolism in cows and calves

The use of insufficient complete diets in feeding dairy cattle is one of the main reasons of metabolic diseases such as ketosis. Purpose in work: to study the interconnection of changes in carbohydrate-fat metabolism in down-calving cows and calves born from them. The study has shown that in cows with ketosis during the last months of pregnancy, there is a decrease in blood glucose, alkaline reserve, ketone bodies, an increase in triglycerides, cholesterol, free (unesterified) fatty acids. After calving there was a decrease in blood glucose concentration, an increase in triglycerides, cholesterol, free fatty acids, ketone bodies, and alkaline reserve. Calves born from cows with pathologies of carbohydrate-fat metabolism (ketosis), relative to analogues obtained from clinically healthy cows had a higher blood content of glucose, ketone bodies and lower values of triglycerides, cholesterol, free fatty acids and alkaline reserve on the third day after birth. By day 14th after calving carbohydrate-fat metabolism in calves born of cows with ketosis was characterized by low blood level of triglycerides, cholesterol and alkaline reserve and a higher level of free fatty acids, ketone bodies and glucose, relative to analogues. Key words: metabolic pathology, fat metabolism, acetonemia, cows, calves.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2021.24.5.50-54

54 Maslyuk A.N., Usevich V.M. The use of spirulina in the diets of cats with renal pathology

In the study, the diet of cats with chronic renal failure was enriched with a Supplement of spirulina microalgae at a dose of 0,2 g of powder/head/day. After 30 days of using the Supplement, the urine response (pH) in cats generally returned to normal. The protein content in the urine decreased in all the observed animals. The content of epithelial cells in the urine decreased: flat epithelium and hyaline cylinders-unambiguously in all cats. Experience has shown that the addition of spirulina has a stimulating effect on the metabolic processes in the body of cats, at the same time increases non-specific immunity, protein metabolism and reduces stress sensitivity. Fixing the prolonged effect of a biologically active Supplement of microalgae on the cat's orgasm a month after removing it from the diet of animals can be regarded as a useful beneficial property of spirulina. Key words: kidney failure, cats, spirulina, urine, blood biochemistry.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2021.24.5.54-59

PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY

60 Kashkovskaya L.M., Novikova S.V., Zubarev B.N. Mintov – feed additive for stimulating metabolism and increasing resistance in poultry

It was found that the feed additive Mintov increases the resistance of poultry to respiratory diseases, helps to increase the safety and productivity of poultry during periods of stress. Key word: bird, respiratory diseases, efficiency, Mintov, feed additive, essential oils.

DOI:10.30896/0042-4846.2021.24.4.60-69